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Understanding The Crude Oil Transportation Process Understanding The Crude Oil Transportation Process January 4 Deion Sanders Cowboys Jersey , 2014 | Author: Eugenia Dickerson | Posted in Customer Service
With the current industrial growth, many economies of the world have come to rely on petroleum products as the main power source in their industries. Because mankind has always been trying to understand nature, modern technologies have made it possible for oil to be mined in far flung mines and supplied to global markets. Most of the available crude oil transportation methods have been devised because markets and supply centres are not located at one point.
From the oil field, the product is delivered via pipelines to the loading terminal for tankers or trains. These bulk movers then deliver it to the pipelines that serve the demand side of the market. Due to the sensitive nature of some end products Daryl Johnston Cowboys Jersey , it is safer to refine the oil on the consumer side than to ferry them over the open seas.
Pipelines are arguably the safest means of transporting the sensitive products because they remain concealed beneath the earth surface. They link field gathering systems to storage and treatment facilities for measurements. A common feature with all pipelines is the presence of booster pumps along the transport route to propel the flowing liquids. Contrary to popular belief, these pipes are periodically used to move more than one kind of fluid to a designated point.
It is quite unfortunate that the largest consumers of oil usually have to purchase it from sources located on other continents. Crude from middle east, Africa and Latin America is transported to major consumers by large tankers. Because tankers may accidentally spill some of their cargo, marine authorities all over the world have devised many stringent laws governing this sector.
It is commonplace for major shipping companies to install monitoring mechanisms on their carriers to monitor their location and to avoid catastrophic collisions on the open seas. There also exist specialized ships such as replenishment oilers that can supply moving vessels on the oceans. Nevertheless regulations governing marine transportation must be observed to minimize the risks of pollution through spillage.
Chartering can either e voyage Chuck Howley Cowboys Jersey , bareboat, time or affreightment based. Every merchant ship must have a flag state which indicates the country in which it is registered. Registration efforts are also aimed at conducting inspection of both vessels and onboard equipment to ensure it meets the stipulated safety standards. Due to the stringent nature of these standards, tankers account for the largest percentage of scrapped vessels in the world.
The cargo manifold is a point through which the taker is loaded with fresh crude for shipping to faraway destinations. If the reservoirs are not properly vented to the atmosphere during loading, changes in fluid volume as the ambient temperature varies may cause accidental spillage. At the destination Alfred Morris Cowboys Jersey , evacuation pumps will transfer the fluid to offshore tanks. If a different fluid is to be introduced in the cargo holders, the tanks must fist be cleaned.
If the crude oil transportation vessel held a less viscous liquid, water may suffice as a cleaning fluid. Sometimes, the water is heated and introduced by a high pressure spraying system all over the inner tank surface. Purging is them done by pumping volumes of an inert gas to remove remaining traces of hydrocarbons. All these processes are performed by the oil washing system onboard.
You can visit the website www.maxxonenergy for more helpful information about The Basics Of Crude Oil Transportation
Indians Forced To Place Bourn On DL - RealGM Wiretap
The Cleveland Indians have placed Michael Bourn on the disabled list with a right finger laceration.
The move was made retroactive to Monday.
Bourn Cedric Thornton Cowboys Jersey , who signed a four-year contract worth $48 million with the Indians, sustained the injury sliding into first base on a grounder to the right side in the eighth inning of Sunday's game.
d with two distinct choices:
1) Pay attention to America's Other Favorite Past-time, "foot"-ball (the first is shopping!); chat with the guys about all the home runs they're throwing; and toss that ol' hogskin around the backyard.
2) Watch the commercials with all the other "foot"-ball neophytes Chaz Green Cowboys Jersey , which is equally ridiculous. Commercials are entertainment? What? Maybe afterwards we can go to a museum and look at Sunday sales circulars!
So in recent years, I've opted for a third choice: gorge myself like silly there went that "Tight End!" put on headphones and do my best to ignore as much of the proceedings as possible. (I spent 1997's Super Bowl party in the bathroom after my Discman's batteries died thank God for the iPod!) As a result, I've become quite the expert at faking my way through Super Bowl Sunday with a special playlist and little-known sports factoids.
PREGAME
The Pixies, "Here Comes Your Man"
The first thing to know about the Super Bowl: who's bringing the burgers? LOL. Seriously though Randy Gregory Cowboys Jersey , you need to know who is playing the game. This year it's the New England Patriots who have never lost a game since football was invented, and the New York Giants who have the cuter Manning brother (see I know some stuff!). And so in honor of the Patriots we have the Boston band the Pixies doing "Here Comes Your Man." I have a dance planned for this one. Do the Patriots need an extra cheerleader? LOL.
Art Garfunkel, "Crying in the Rain"
But you can't be too one-sided! You never know which team's uniforms you
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